Types of Ventricular Septal Rupture Surgeries Emergency Surgical Repair Indications: Emergency surgery is typically required for patients who have a post-myocardial infarction VSR, especially when the rupture leads to rapid deterioration in hemodynamics, significant heart failure, or shock. Procedure Overview: The surgery involves a sternotomy, where the chest is opened, and the surgeon accesses the heart. Depending on the location and size of the VSR, the surgeon may use a patch graft to close the hole in the ventricular septum. The patch is often made from pericardial tissue, synthetic material, or biological tissue. In cases of acute rupture,
